abstract：BACKGROUND:Suicide is a major risk for those with bipolar disorder, a risk amplified by comorbid substance abuse in some, but not all, previous studies. To further explore the relationships of substance abuse, suicide, and bipolarity as they present in clinical practice, we analyzed standardized clinical data from a la...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Comtois KA,Russo JE,Roy-Byrne P,Ries RK

更新日期：2004-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We recently described a preliminary association between the hypofunctional seven-repeat allele of the dopamine-4 receptor gene (DRD4) and increased maximal lifetime body mass index in women with seasonal affective disorder (SAD). In this study, we examined whether binge eating behavior mediated this putative...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Levitan RD,Masellis M,Basile VS,Lam RW,Kaplan AS,Davis C,Muglia P,Mackenzie B,Tharmalingam S,Kennedy SH,Macciardi F,Kennedy JL

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We examined the effect of prolonged methylphenidate (MPH) treatment on the functional neuroanatomy of executive functioning in adult men with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS:Positron emission tomography with [(15)O] water measured alterations of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) d...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Schweitzer JB,Lee DO,Hanford RB,Zink CF,Ely TD,Tagamets MA,Hoffman JM,Grafton ST,Kilts CD

更新日期：2004-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that cocaine abusers have cerebral perfusion deficits that may diminish cognitive functioning. This study examined whether cocaine-dependent patients have perfusion abnormalities associated with poor decision-making ability as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). METHODS:Sev...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Tucker KA,Potenza MN,Beauvais JE,Browndyke JN,Gottschalk PC,Kosten TR

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has shown promising antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depression, but the mechanisms of action are not known. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies in epilepsy patients show that VNS alters concentrations of monamines and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), neurotransmitter ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Carpenter LL,Moreno FA,Kling MA,Anderson GM,Regenold WT,Labiner DM,Price LH

更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Two previous studies reported a significant association between a missense polymorphism (Val66Met) in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene and bipolar disorder; however, contradictory negative results have also been reported, necessitating further investigation. METHODS:We organized a multicent...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Kunugi H,Iijima Y,Tatsumi M,Yoshida M,Hashimoto R,Kato T,Sakamoto K,Fukunaga T,Inada T,Suzuki T,Iwata N,Ozaki N,Yamada K,Yoshikawa T

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although intimate partner violence (IPV) has a great impact on women's health, few studies have assessed the consequences on physiologic responses. METHODS:Women abused by their intimate male partners either physically (n = 70) or psychologically (n = 46) were compared with nonabused control women (n = 46)....

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Pico-Alfonso MA,Garcia-Linares MI,Celda-Navarro N,Herbert J,Martinez M

更新日期：2004-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, so it was expected that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) would be associated with activation of this axis; however, studies have found both increased and decreased cortisol in PTSD. To address this question, we collected saliva cortisol at h...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Young EA,Breslau N

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have raised concerns about subtle long-lasting neurobiological changes that might be triggered by exposure to Cannabis derivatives, especially in a critical phase of brain maturation, such as puberty. The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system, involved in the processing of drug-induced reward, is a ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Pistis M,Perra S,Pillolla G,Melis M,Muntoni AL,Gessa GL

更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Stress-induced learned helplessness (LH) in animals serves as a model of behavioral depression and some aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder. We examined whether LH behavior is associated with alterations in protein kinase A (PKA), a critical phosphorylating enzyme, how long these alterations persist aft...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Dwivedi Y,Mondal AC,Shukla PK,Rizavi HS,Lyons J

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychiatric and neurologic disorders ranging from mental retardation to addiction are accompanied by structural and functional alterations of synaptic connections in the brain. Such alterations include abnormal density and morphology of dendritic spines, synapse loss, and aberrant synaptic signaling and plasticity. Re...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Blanpied TA,Ehlers MD

更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:As many as 30% of individuals diagnosed with depression are nonresponsive to traditional antidepressant medication. Augmentation and combination strategies have emerged in an attempt to address this issue. Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., olanzapine), when added to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (e.g...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Seager MA,Huff KD,Barth VN,Phebus LA,Rasmussen K

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS), defined as onset of psychotic symptoms by age 12 years, is a rare and severe form of the disorder that seems to be clinically and neurobiologically continuous with the adult disorder. METHODS:We studied a rare cohort consisting of 98 probands; 71 of these probands receiv...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Addington AM,Gornick M,Sporn AL,Gogtay N,Greenstein D,Lenane M,Gochman P,Baker N,Balkissoon R,Vakkalanka RK,Weinberger DR,Straub RE,Rapoport JL

更新日期：2004-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Early onset of mood symptoms in bipolar disorder has been associated with poor outcome in many studies; however, the factors that might contribute to poor outcome have not been adequately investigated. METHODS:The first consecutive 1000 adult bipolar patients enrolled in the National Institute of Mental Hea...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Perlis RH,Miyahara S,Marangell LB,Wisniewski SR,Ostacher M,DelBello MP,Bowden CL,Sachs GS,Nierenberg AA,STEP-BD Investigators.

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Noradrenergic function has been linked to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and might have a role in mediating sleep disturbances of the disorder. Our objective was to relate a peripheral manifestation of noradrenergic function, sympathetic nervous system activity as indexed by heart rate variability duri...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Mellman TA,Knorr BR,Pigeon WR,Leiter JC,Akay M

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Survival and differentiation of neurons and the formation and maintenance of synapses in the cerebral cortex may be affected in schizophrenia. Since neurotrophins play an important role in these events, behavioral effects relevant to schizophrenia were investigated in rats that had compromised neurotrophin f...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Rajakumar N,Leung LS,Ma J,Rajakumar B,Rushlow W

更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first choice for the pharmacologic treatment of bulimia nervosa, but there are no published data on the putative altered serotonin (5-HT) receptor characteristics in patients with bulimia. Experimental studies suggest that the therapeutic antidepressant...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Tiihonen J,Keski-Rahkonen A,Löppönen M,Muhonen M,Kajander J,Allonen T,Någren K,Hietala J,Rissanen A

更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Traumatic experiences for young children might result in profound neurodevelopmental changes, compared with adults. Our aim was to examine autonomic control of heart rate in traumatized young children. METHODS:Sixty-two children who had suffered traumas and 62 nontraumatized control children, aged 20 months...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Scheeringa MS,Zeanah CH,Myers L,Putnam F

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Two Wistar rat lines selectively bred for either high (HAB) or low (LAB) anxiety-related behavior were used to identify neurobiological correlates of trait anxiety. METHODS:We used Fos expression for mapping of neuronal activation patterns in response to mild anxiety-provoking challenges. RESULTS:In both l...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Salomé N,Salchner P,Viltart O,Sequeira H,Wigger A,Landgraf R,Singewald N

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex play an important role in the inhibition of responses, as measured by the Stroop task, as well as in emotional regulation. Dysfunction of the anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex has been implicated in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpos...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Bremner JD,Vermetten E,Vythilingam M,Afzal N,Schmahl C,Elzinga B,Charney DS

更新日期：2004-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Selective localization of dopamine D(4) receptors in the prefrontal cortex and preferential affinity of clozapine for the dopamine D(4) receptor over the D(2) receptor led to the hypothesis that the superior efficacy of clozapine may be mediated via blockade of the D(4) receptor. This hypothesis was tested b...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Corrigan MH,Gallen CC,Bonura ML,Merchant KM,Sonepiprazole Study Group.

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Deficits in schizophrenia patients and their first-degree relatives have been reported in prepulse inhibition (PPI), a phenomenon that measures an early stage of information processing (sensorimotor gating). It is less clear whether these information processing deficits extend to prepulse facilitation (PPF),...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Wynn JK,Dawson ME,Schell AM,McGee M,Salveson D,Green MF

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal research shows that early adverse experience results in altered glucocorticoid levels in adulthood, either raised basal levels or accentuated responses to stress. If a similar phenomenon operates in humans, this suggests a biological mechanism whereby early adversity might transmit risk for major depr...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Halligan SL,Herbert J,Goodyer IM,Murray L

更新日期：2004-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anxiety disorders are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data on the neural correlates of these conditions are lacking. This study examines the relationship between brain damage, particularly to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and temporal lobe, and anxiety symptoms and disorders. METHODS:Ninety-five...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Vasa RA,Grados M,Slomine B,Herskovits EH,Thompson RE,Salorio C,Christensen J,Wursta C,Riddle MA,Gerring JP

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is extensive evidence that the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system can modulate psychophysiological arousal. To date, no studies have investigated associations between cardiac vagal tone and the time course of arousal during exposure to trauma-related stimuli in posttraumatic stress ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Sack M,Hopper JW,Lamprecht F

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Synapsin III plays a role in neuronal plasticity and maps to chromosome 22q12-13, a region suggested to be linked to schizophrenia. To determine if synapsin III plays a role in this disease, we searched for polymorphisms in this gene in patients with schizophrenia and controls. METHODS:The synapsin III gene...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Porton B,Ferreira A,DeLisi LE,Kao HT

更新日期：2004-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The gene encoding the regulator of G-protein signaling 4 has recently been associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia. This finding is particularly interesting, because it was replicated within the same study and also because there are functional, positional, and expression data to support the regulator...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Williams NM,Preece A,Spurlock G,Norton N,Williams HJ,McCreadie RG,Buckland P,Sharkey V,Chowdari KV,Zammit S,Nimgaonkar V,Kirov G,Owen MJ,O'Donovan MC

更新日期：2004-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies indicate that adverse childhood events are associated with persistent changes in corticotropin-releasing factor neuronal systems. Our aim was to determine whether altered glucocorticoid feedback mediates the neuroendocrine sequelae of childhood trauma. METHODS:Standard and low-dose dexameth...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Newport DJ,Heim C,Bonsall R,Miller AH,Nemeroff CB

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This study assessed whether reduced regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF; hypoperfusion) in cocaine-dependent (CD) patients is associated with platelet abnormalities and whether these platelet abnormalities predict improvement in hypoperfusion after 1 month of abstinence. METHODS:We correlated platelet number...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Kosten TR,Tucker K,Gottschalk PC,Rinder CS,Rinder HM

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal and human studies implicate forebrain neural circuits in maternal behavior. Here, we hypothesized that human brain response to emotional stimuli relevant for social interactions between infants and adults are modulated by sex- and experience-dependent factors. METHODS:We used functional magnetic reso...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Seifritz E,Esposito F,Neuhoff JG,Lüthi A,Mustovic H,Dammann G,von Bardeleben U,Radue EW,Cirillo S,Tedeschi G,Di Salle F

更新日期：2003-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Epidemiologic studies have identified psychological risk factors for specific physical diseases, but the biological mechanisms mediating these relationships remain poorly defined. METHODS:Social inhibition and autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity were assessed on multiple occasions in 54 gay men with asy...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Cole SW,Kemeny ME,Fahey JL,Zack JA,Naliboff BD

更新日期：2003-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Language disorder associated with schizophrenia might be due to disturbances in both automatic activation and mechanisms of controlled attention. The contribution of each process to semantic memory dysfunction has not been determined for schizophrenia, and the semantic priming paradigm is well-suited for add...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Condray R,Siegle GJ,Cohen JD,van Kammen DP,Steinhauer SR

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The etiology of dementia that occurs in patients with schizophrenia is not well understood. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have been implicated in cognitive function, and deficits in these receptors have been reported in schizophrenia. METHODS:The present study investigates possible associations of nicot...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Martin-Ruiz CM,Haroutunian VH,Long P,Young AH,Davis KL,Perry EK,Court JA

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies demonstrate that indirect activation of monoamine receptors by antidepressant treatment increases neurotrophic factors that activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade; however, it is also possible that these monoamine receptors influence the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathwa...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Tolbert LM,Russell DS,Duman RS

更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Brain imaging research in posttraumatic stress disorder has been largely performed on patients with chronic disease, often heavily medicated, with current or past alcohol and substance abuse. Additionally, virtually only activation brain imaging paradigms have been done in posttraumatic stress disorder, wher...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Bonne O,Gilboa A,Louzoun Y,Brandes D,Yona I,Lester H,Barkai G,Freedman N,Chisin R,Shalev AY

更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This study examined the hypothesis that allelic variants of the ionotropic glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) are associated with vulnerability to alcoholism and some related traits. METHODS:We investigated the silent G2108A and C2664T polymorphisms of the NMDAR1 and the NMDAR2B genes, resp...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Wernicke C,Samochowiec J,Schmidt LG,Winterer G,Smolka M,Kucharska-Mazur J,Horodnicki J,Gallinat J,Rommelspacher H

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Maintenance treatment to prevent recurrences is recommended for chronic forms of major depressive disorder (MDD), but few studies have examined maintenance efficacy of antidepressants with chronic MDD. This randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of nefazodone in preventing recurrence...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Gelenberg AJ,Trivedi MH,Rush AJ,Thase ME,Howland R,Klein DN,Kornstein SG,Dunner DL,Markowitz JC,Hirschfeld RM,Keitner GI,Zajecka J,Kocsis JH,Russell JM,Miller I,Manber R,Arnow B,Rothbaum B,Munsaka M,Banks P,Borian

更新日期：2003-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The antidepressant-like effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) infusions in brain, and the upregulation of BDNF mRNA and its receptor in rats exposed to electroconvulsive seizure (ECS) and antidepressants, suggested a role for increased BDNF protein. METHODS:We measured BDNF protein levels with...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Altar CA,Whitehead RE,Chen R,Wörtwein G,Madsen TM

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with autism show clinical features suggestive of abnormal processing of auditory and other sensory information. We hypothesized that low-functioning autistic subjects present abnormalities in discriminating simple auditory stimuli at sensory system preconscious stages of cortical processing. METHOD...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Tecchio F,Benassi F,Zappasodi F,Gialloreti LE,Palermo M,Seri S,Rossini PM

更新日期：2003-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To date, there has been little investigation of the neurobiological basis of emotion processing abnormalities in psychiatric populations. We have previously discussed two neural systems: 1) a ventral system, including the amygdala, insula, ventral striatum, ventral anterior cingulate gyrus, and prefrontal cortex, for ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Phillips ML,Drevets WC,Rauch SL,Lane R

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00